Horizontal Drilling Technology and the Eagle Ford Shale
Posted by | Posted on 12-01-2012
Image by tjgiordano via Flickr
While horizontal drilling has been around since the early twentieth century, it only became an efficient drilling technique in recent years with the development of finer tools and faster surveys.
When drilling at an angle, companies need to constantly conduct surveys to ensure that the well is on the right route, as well as discover what kind of ground formations they are drilling through. These surveys can be very time-consuming, slowing down the drilling process.
However, new technology such as Measuring While Drilling equipment allows companies to take these surveys in the midst of drilling for faster results. This not only speeds up the drilling process, but also makes drilling safer because workers are more informed about the areas they are drilling through.
Environmental Benefits
The environmental benefits of directional drilling alone make it an attractive option for energy companies. By drilling multiple wells from the same pad site with horizontal drilling, companies can reduce their impact to the surrounding area.
To reach the reserves of a shale formation with vertical drilling, companies would need to drill dozens of wells to intersect the shale, each with their own pad site. With directional drilling, only one pad site is needed instead of the over 35 pad sites otherwise required with vertical drilling. Not only does this mean less land levelled for pad sites, it also means less roads needed for trucks, less piping needed to transport the oil or gas, and overall less damage to the earth’s surface.
Economic Benefits
Horizontal drilling allows companies to retreive oil from areas that otherwise could not be accessed. Most shale formations do not form vertically. The Marcellus Shale in the Eastern states is a horizontal plain that has dips and peaks like the hilly area that surrounds it, and the EagleFord Shale in Texas runs diagonally, going deeper the further it slopes to the east. Directional drilling can follow the angle of the shale instead of being confined to the small area where a vertical well intersects it.
Image via Wikipedia
Not only can horizontal drilling create more oil-rich well space, it also provides an ideal setting for hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing allows wells to collect more oil resources from the same well by opening up the natural fractures in the shale that surrounds the well so that oil and natural gas can naturally be pulled out of the rock and brought to the surface
These horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques cut costs while bringing in more work opportunities by getting the same or better production results with less equipment and less surface space. Not only can new wells expand, old wells can be reopened for more production and a revitalized local economy.
While directional drilling is more costly due to the need for more surveys and more expensive equipment, these costs are outwieghed by the profitability of drilling many new wells from the same base, in addition to a better preserved environment.




